True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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Isobars are lines connecting locations that have the same atmospheric
pressure.
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2.
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The atmosphere is cooled by the sun’s radiant energy.
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3.
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A barometer measures the temperature of air.
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4.
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The polar easterlies are high-altitude, high-pressure belts of air that flow
from west to east.
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5.
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Relative humidity is measured by a psychrometer.
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6.
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To measure the amount of precipitation that falls from the sky, you would use a
rain gauge.
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7.
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A warm front occurs when a warm air mass meets a cold air mass and no movement
of the air masses occurs.
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8.
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Northeast winds blow toward the southwest.
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9.
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Air pressure varies according to the density of the air.
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10.
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The flow of air from the land to the sea is called a sea breeze.
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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11.
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Radiant energy does not need the presence of solid, liquid, or gas in
order to travel.
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12.
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Air pressure varies according to the density of the air.
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13.
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A wind vane is used to determine wind speed.
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14.
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The flow of air from the land to the sea is called a sea breeze.
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15.
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Conduction is the transfer of heat energy in a fluid.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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16.
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On the Celsius scale, freezing temperatures are those equal to or below
a. | 32°. | c. | 100° | b. | 0 | d. | -32°. |
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17.
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Almost all of the Earth’s energy comes from
a. | electricity | c. | the sun | b. | heat | d. | the oceans |
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18.
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Air in the atmosphere presses on us because
a. | the stratosphere is thick. | c. | wind moves the
air. | b. | air has mass. | d. | temperature warms the air. |
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19.
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As altitude increases, air pressure
a. | increases | c. | remains the same. | b. | drops, then rises as you pass into the
stratosphere. | d. | decreases |
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20.
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As air is warmed, its density
a. | remains the same. | c. | decreases | b. | doubles | d. | increases
slightly. |
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21.
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Humidity is a measure of
a. | ozone | c. | wind | b. | temperature | d. | water vapor. |
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22.
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On the Celsius scale, water boils at
a. | 100° | c. | 200° | b. | 112° | d. | 212° |
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23.
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An aneroid barometer is different from a mercury barometer in that it
a. | measures temperature. | c. | has a needle to indicate air pressure. | b. | uses alcohol instead
of mercury | d. | provides
readings that increase as air pressure increases. |
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24.
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An air mass at the Earth’s surface that moves from an area of high
pressure to an area of low pressure creates
a. | wind | c. | jet streams. | b. | doldrums | d. | an occluded
front. |
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25.
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Local winds are different from global winds because they
a. | blow from a specific direction | c. | are due to unequal
heating | b. | are caused by differences in air pressure | d. | blow from any
direction. |
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26.
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Sea breezes occur when
a. | air flows from the land to the sea. | c. | land cools more slowly than the
sea.
| b. | air over land warms and rises, and air from above the sea takes its
place. | d. | air over land is
cooled and is replaced by air from over the sea. |
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27.
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Southeast winds blow from the
a. | northwest | c. | southeast | b. | southwest | d. | northeast |
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28.
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The instrument used to determine the direction of the wind is a (an)
a. | barometer | c. | psychrometer | b. | anemometer | d. | wind vane |
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29.
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If 1 kg of air can hold a maximum of 10 g of water vapor but now has only 2 g of
water vapor, the relative humidity of this air is
a. | 5 percent. | c. | 50 percent | b. | 20 percent | d. | 85 percent. |
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30.
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A cloud forms when moisture in the air
a. | freezes due to a temperature drop. | c. | evaporates due to a rise in air
temperature. | b. | condenses on small particles of dust in the air. | d. | solidifies into six-sided flat crystal patterns
due to a drop in air temperature. |
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31.
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When a mass of warm air moves into a mass of cool air, it forms a (an)
a. | cold front | c. | warm front. | b. | air mass | d. | stationary
front. |
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32.
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On a weather map, a cold front is drawn with a
a. | line marked with triangles on its leading edge. | c. | line with half circles on one side
and triangles on the other side. | b. | blackened circle. | d. | circle with the letter C in its
center. |
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33.
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The direct transfer of heat from one substance in contact with another is
called
a. | convection | c. | the Coriolis effect. | b. | conduction | d. | radiation |
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34.
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The transfer of heat in the form of waves is called
a. | convection | c. | the Coriolis effect | b. | conduction | d. | radiation |
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35.
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The transfer of heat in currents of fluid is called
a. | convection | c. | the Coriolis effect. | b. | conduction | d. | radiation |
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36.
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At the equator, the sun’s rays strike the Earth at an angle of
about
a. | 0°. | c. | 90°. | b. | 45°. | d. | 180°. |
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37.
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Which of the following is used to measure temperature?
a. | thermometer | c. | wind vane | b. | barometer | d. | psychrometer |
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38.
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The curving of winds due to the Earth’s rotation is called the
a. | conduction current | c. | maritime effect. | b. | Coriolis effect | d. | convection
current. |
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39.
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Which of the following occur between 40° and 60° latitude?
a. | polar easterlies | c. | trade winds | b. | doldrums | d. | prevailing
easterlies |
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40.
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Which of the following occur at the equator?
a. | polar easterlies | c. | trade winds | b. | doldrums | d. | prevailing
easterlies |
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41.
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Which of the following are gray, smooth clouds that cover the sky?
a. | stratus clouds | c. | cumulonimbus
clouds | b. | cumulus clouds | d. | cirrus clouds |
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42.
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Which of the following are feathery and occur only at very high
altitudes?
a. | stratus clouds | c. | cumulonimbus clouds | b. | cumulus clouds | d. | cirrus clouds |
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43.
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Which kind of front occurs when a cold front overtakes a warm front?
a. | cold | c. | occluded | b. | warm | d. | stationary |
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44.
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Which of the following has winds of the greatest speed?
a. | land breeze | c. | hurricane | b. | cyclone | d. | tornado |
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45.
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On weather maps, a line with half circles indicates
a. | a hurricane. | c. | a warm front. | b. | a cold
front | d. | snow |
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46.
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The ozone layer protects the Earth by absorbing
a. | visible light | c. | ultraviolet rays | b. | infrared rays | d. | carbon dioxide |
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47.
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The greenhouse effect is due largely to
a. | carbon dioxide | c. | ozone | b. | carbon monoxide | d. | oxygen |
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48.
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A barometer is used to measure
a. | air pressure | c. | wind speed | b. | wind direction | d. | relative
humidity |
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49.
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In th eNorthern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes winds to
a. | reverse direction | c. | curve to the right | b. | speed up | d. | curve to the
left |
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50.
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Winds in the far north that appear to travel from east to west are called
a. | prevailing westerlies | c. | polar westerlies | b. | prevailing easterlies | d. | polar
easterlies |
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51.
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Large clouds that produce thunderstorms are called
a. | stratus clouds | c. | cirrus clouds | b. | cumulonimbus clouds | d. | nimbostratus
clouds |
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52.
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Balls or chunks of ice ranging in diameter from 5 to 75mm and falling as
precipitation are called
a. | sleet | c. | monsoons | b. | snow | d. | hail |
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53.
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During the summer, which of the following air masses forms over Mexico and
brings hot, dry air to the southwestern United States?
a. | continental tropical | c. | maritime tropical | b. | continental polar | d. | maritime polar |
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54.
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When a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet and no movement occurs, which of
the following forms?
a. | warm front | c. | stationary front | b. | cold front | d. | occluded front |
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55.
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Small lines at the end of the shaft that represents wind direction on a weather
map indicate
a. | temperature | c. | pressure | b. | wind speed | d. | humidity |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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56.
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People who study weather are called _____.
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57.
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The mixture of gases that surround the Earth is called the _____.
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58.
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High Pressure belts of air that flow very rapidly from west to east at altitudes
above 12 km are called _____.
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59.
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The amount of moisture the air holds compared with the amount it can hold at
that temperature is expressed as a percentage called _____.
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60.
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The sprinkling of substances into clouds to produce precipitation is
called _____.
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Essay
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61.
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Describe a hurricane and explain how it forms.
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62.
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Contrast conduction, convection, and radiation.
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63.
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Describe how temperature, water vapor, and elevation affect air pressure.
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64.
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Define relative humidity and explain how it is measured by an instrument.
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65.
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Explain what cloud seeding is and why it is effective.
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