Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The number of days it takes the moon to pass from the full-moon phase to the
new-moon phase is
a. | 31 days | c. | 7 days | b. | 29.5 days | d. | 14.75 days |
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2.
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Oxygen is most abundant in the
a. | ionosphere | c. | troposphere. | b. | stratosphere | d. | mesosphere |
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3.
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Which of the following is not one of Jupiter’s moons?
a. | d. Vesuvius | c. | Europa | b. | Callisto | d. | c. Ganymede |
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4.
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Temperatures on Mercury range from 427  C to -170 
C mainly because of the planet’s a. | short period of rotation | c. | short period of
revolution. | b. | long period of rotation. | d. | long period of revolution. |
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5.
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Our atmosphere contains approximately what percent of oxygen?
a. | 62 percent | c. | 13 percent | b. | 21 percent | d. | 78 percent |
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6.
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What percent of the Earth’s crust is covered by ocean water?
a. | 97 percent | c. | 71 percent | b. | 50 percent | d. | 61 percent |
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7.
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What characteristic of a star indicates whether the star is moving toward or
away from Earth?
a. | age | c. | size | b. | spectrum. | d. | roundness |
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8.
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Which of the following most accurately explains why quasars are considered
mysterious?
a. | They give of f much more energy than several galaxies combined. | c. | They are closest to
the center of the universe. | b. | They give off light like
stars. | d. | Their light spectra
show a blue shift. |
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9.
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The atmosphere gas that is so heavy that it says near the bottom of the
atmosphere is
a. | oxygen | c. | ozone | b. | hydrogen | d. | helium |
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10.
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The Earth’s atmosphere contains
a. | minerals | c. | gases | b. | metamorphic rock | d. | water |
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11.
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Magnitude refers to a star’s
a. | brightness. | c. | color. | b. | size. | d. | distance from
Earth. |
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12.
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If the sun appears to rise in the east, then the Earth must be turning toward
the
a. | north | c. | south | b. | east | d. | west |
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13.
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The deepest ocean in the world is the
a. | Atlantic Ocean | c. | Pacific Ocean | b. | Indian Ocean | d. | Arctic Ocean |
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14.
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When testing ocean water for salinity, you will express the amount of salts
present in units called
a. | meters per liter | c. | grams per millimeter | b. | kilograms per centimeter | d. | parts per
thousand |
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15.
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In comparing the troposphere to the stratosphere, the troposphere
a. | is at the same level as the stratosphere. | c. | touches the Earth while the
stratosphere does not. | b. | contains jet stream winds which are absent in
the stratosphere. | d. | has a
constant temperature of -60° C while the temperature of the stratosphere changes
constantly. |
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16.
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One kilogram of sea water that contains 25 g. of dissolve salts should contain
how much pure water?
a. | 975 g | c. | 85 g | b. | 850 g | d. | 65 g |
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17.
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The big bang theory is based on the assumption that
a. | Once stars formed, matter moved toward the center of the universe. | c. | the center of our
universe was originally cold and dense. | b. | our present universe is the result of the
expansion of matter from a single point. | d. | galaxies near the edge of our universe are moving toward the center of the
universe. |
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18.
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Ocean water differs from lake water in that it has
a. | animal life | c. | salt | b. | sediment | d. | plant life |
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19.
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Astronomers believe that comets are formed in
a. | the Oort cloud. | c. | the atmosphere of Europa | b. | a galaxy other than
the Milky Way. | d. | the region
between Mars and Jupiter. |
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20.
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During respiration
a. | carbon dioxide is joined with food to make free oxygen. | c. | oxygen is given off
as a waste product. | b. | carbon dioxide is used directly from the
atmosphere. | d. | oxygen and food
products are combined to release energy. |
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21.
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If Earth were to suddenly move closer to the sun, which of the following would
occur?
a. | A day would be longer. | c. | A day would be shorter. | b. | A year would
be shorter. | d. | A year would be
longer. |
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22.
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A part of an ocean that is nearly surrounded by land is a(an)
a. | canyon | c. | river | b. | island | d. | sea |
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23.
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The satellites that send precise, continuous signals to ships and airplanes
are
a. | scientific satellites | c. | navigation satellites | b. | weather
satellites | d. | communication
satellites |
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24.
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The Earth will be one fourth of its way around the sun in 30 days
a. | 91 days | c. | 182.5 days | b. | 30 days | d. | 365 days |
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25.
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Earth has four seasons due to its
a. | tilted axis and revolution | c. | magnetism | b. | rotation | d. | hydrosphere |
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26.
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It is believed that the home of the comets is located
a. | very near the sun. | c. | near the outer edge of the solar system. | b. | between Mars and
Jupiter. | d. | between Saturn and
Uranus |
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27.
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The most recent evidence about numerous craters and steep cliffs on Mercury has
been obtained by
a. | optical telescopes | c. | pioneer | b. | Mariner 10. | d. | the
spectroscope. |
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28.
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The stratopause separates the stratosphere from the
a. | troposphere | c. | ionosphere. | b. | mesosphere | d. | thermosphere |
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29.
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What element makes up more than 60 percent of the mass of a typical star?
a. | carbon | c. | nitrogen | b. | hydrogen | d. | neon |
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30.
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One complete revolution of Earth around the sun is equal to one
a. | year | c. | season | b. | hour | d. | day |
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31.
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From which planet would you obtain information about planetary rings?
a. | Neptune | c. | Mars | b. | Venus | d. | Mercury |
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32.
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A star that will live the longest has a starting mass that is
a. | extra large. | c. | medium sized. | b. | large. | d. | small. |
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33.
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The longest day of the year occurs at the
a. | vernal equinox | c. | autumnal equinox | b. | summer solstice | d. | winter solstice |
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34.
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What product do green plants give off as waste from their food making
process?
a. | oxygen | c. | ozone | b. | hydrogen | d. | carbon dioxide |
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35.
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The Earth is divided into how many hemispheres?
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36.
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Which of the following is not a type of solar storm?
a. | prominence. | c. | corona | b. | solar flare | d. | sunspot |
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37.
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Solid particles are added to the atmosphere by
a. | lightning. | c. | the sun. | b. | rain. | d. | people on the
Earth. |
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38.
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The largest ocean in the world is
a. | Indian | c. | Mediterranean | b. | Atlantic | d. | Pacific |
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39.
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As ocean water leaves the ocean and becomes a part of the atmosphere, it changes
from a
a. | solid to a vapor | c. | liquid to a vapor | b. | vapor to a liquid | d. | liquid to a
solid |
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40.
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Globular star clusters differ from open clusters because the stars in globular
clusters are
a. | arranged in a large, loosely organized group. | c. | dimmer in
brightness. | b. | arranged in a sphere. | d. | eclipsing binaries. |
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41.
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Which of the following planets is referred to as an inner planet of our solar
system?
a. | Mercury | c. | Saturn | b. | Jupiter | d. | Pluto |
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42.
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An astronomer determines the surface temperature of a star by its
a. | brightness. | c. | color. | b. | All | d. | size. |
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43.
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The Explorer satellites launched in the late 1950’s discovered two
a. | doughnut shaped regions 2000 km above the surface of the Earth. | c. | moons around the
planet Uranus | b. | active volcanic fissures in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge | d. | unusually large craters in the state of
Arizona |
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44.
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From the most abundant to the least abundant the principal gases in our
atmosphere are
a. | nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide | c. | oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide. | b. | nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen | d. | carbon dioxide, oxygen,
nitrogen |
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45.
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Astronomers believe that our solar system began as a
a. | black hole | c. | neutron star. | b. | nebula | d. | white dwarf. |
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46.
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Star distances from Earth of more than 100 light-years can be measured by
a. | a spectroscope. | c. | parallax | b. | brightness | d. | temperature. |
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47.
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The heat from the sun’s rays causes ocean water to
a. | evaporate | c. | condense | b. | precipitate | d. | extrude |
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48.
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The new moon occurs directly before the
a. | gibbous moon | c. | full moon. | b. | crescent moon | d. | first-quarter
moon |
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49.
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An ocean is different from a sea because
a. | animals in the sea are completely different. | c. | oceans are located higher than
seas. | b. | the water in an ocean is salty and sea water is not. | d. | seas are smaller than
oceans. |
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50.
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Which of the following properties makes Venus greatly different from
Earth?
a. | size | c. | rotation | b. | density | d. | mass |
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True/False
Indicate whether the
sentence or statement is true or false.
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51.
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All objects in our universe are moving.
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52.
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Earth is the only planet that has seasons.
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53.
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Our sun is a star that belongs to a multiple star system.
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54.
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At one time in the past, Venus may have had huge bodies of water on its
surface.
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55.
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In the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day of the year occurs at the winter
solstice.
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56.
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All of our weather takes place in the troposphere.
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57.
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Air pressure is greater in the stratosphere than in the troposphere.
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58.
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“Shooting stars” that reach the surface of Earth are known as
meteorites.
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